Dry skin

Dry skin precisely means there is a deficiency of moisture in the skin. Dry skin mau cause dull-looking, even scaly and flaky skin texture, and it easily develops wrinkles and fine lines. To maintain healthy skin, you wants to maintain your skin humidity. Skin lotion and cream is important source of skin moisture, but to help relieve dryness, take supplement of vitamin A, avoid constant use of air conditioning, or take care of your health from inside of body.

Eyebrow Regrowth - How to Regrow Eyebrow Hair?

Skin grafts often have small areas of graft loss from the build up of fluid right after surgery. If the burn injury did not damage the eyebrow hair root, the eyebrows will regrow. If the burn injury destroyed the hair root, eyebrows will not grow back.

Three alternatives are available if eyebrow loss is permanent:

1) hair plugs removed from the scalp and transferred to the eyebrow area,

2) cosmetic tattooing in the shape of eyebrows, and

3) the use of camouflage cosmetics to draw eyebrows onto the face with makeup

We all know that over plucking can lead to bald spots within the brows, but apparently if you apply a little Rogaine, you can give them a jump start. Be sure to do a patch test first to determine whether or not you are allergic to the product.

Britney Spears Basic steps of facial skin care routine: Moisturizing

Contrary to popular belief and opinions of some experts, moisturizing is not a universal "must do" of basic skin care. Not everyone needs moisturizing. In fact, poorly selected and misused moisturizers may do more harm than good.

Britney Spears with oily skin do not need to moisturize because the abundant sebum they produce has more than sufficient emollient and moisturizing effect. People with normal skin do not necessarily need to moisturize since they too produce enough sebum and other natural emollients and humectants. Under some circumstances (e.g. dry climate, frequent water exposure, etc.) people with normal skin may want to apply an oil-free moisturizer after cleansing to prevent the development of dry skin. Moisturizing does benefit dry skin (and dry areas of combination skin) by improving the skin's barrier function, reducing irritation, sensitivity as well as creating a plushier look. However, moisturizing alone does not seem to have a major impact on the development (and prevention) of wrinkles and other signs of skin aging.

If you feel you need to moisturize, make sure you pick the right type of moisturizer for your skin type. Otherwise you may do more harm than good.


Britney Spears Emulsion based moisturizers

Water and oil do not dissolve in each other. When they are mixed together and shaken they form a fine mixture of oil droplets in water or vice versa (depending on the proportions used). Such mixtures can be stabilized with so-called emulsifiers, which are surfactants preventing water and oil droplets from coalescing. Both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions may be useful for dry skin that produces too little sebum, which is particularly common in women during and after the menopause. Moisturizers based on oil-in-water emulsions tend to be heavier but may be a good fit for some cases of particularly dry skin. Oil-water emulsions tend to be more comedogenic than oil-free moisturizers and should not be used for normal or oily skin.


Britney Spears Occlusive moisturizers

The idea of an occlusive moisturizer is to cover the skin with a waterproof film through which water cannot evaporate or otherwise escape. Occlusive ingredients include petrolatum (a.k.a. Vaseline), mineral oil, siloxanes (dimethicone, cyclomethicone) to name a few. Occlusive ingredients may clog pores and produce other unwanted effects. Siloxanes tend to cause fewer breakouts than petroleum-based ingredients but individual reactions vary. Occlusive moisturizers should be considered for dry skin unresponsive to moisturizers based on oil-water emulsions. This may happen when the primary cause of dryness is excessive water evaporation from the skin surface. In such a case, an occlusive moisturizer, particularly one with a siloxane, may be a better alternative. It is best to apply an occlusive moisturizer over moist skin.


Britney Spears Oil-free moisturizers


Oil-free moisturizers are usually based on the so-called humectants, the substances that can trap and hold water. Some examples include propylene glycol, glycerin, sodium PCA, hyaluronic acid, colloidal oatmeal, collagen and others. If you have oily or normal skin and feel the need to moisturize, use an oil-free moisturizer.


Britney Spears Long-lasting moisturizers

In some cases of dry skin or in very dry environments, ordinary moisturizers just don't cut it. They last for an hour or two and then your skin gets as dry as before. Specially designed long-lasting moisturizers are a viable alternative to having to reapply a moisturizer every two hours. Long-lasting moisturizers usually combine active principles from several types of moisturizers. A typical long-lasting moisturizer may contain several humectants and occlusive agents (e.g. dimethicone, colloidal oatmeal, glycerin, sodium PSA, hyaluronic acid, petrolatum and so forth). Oftentimes, long-lasting moisturizers is an overkill but may be just right for some cases of severe dryness.



Britney Spears Moisturizers as vehicles for active ingredients

Whether to use a basic moisturizer is becoming a moot point, at least as far as facial skin care is concerned. These days most people use advanced skin care products with active ingredients aimed at preventing or reducing the signs of skin aging. It is often redundant and counterproductive to apply both a moisturizer and an anti-aging product. Besides, most anti-aging products contain some moisturizing ingredients. People with oily and normal skin can forego basic moisturizers and use anti-aging products only. Dry skin sufferers may be able to do the same by picking an anti-aging product with a sufficiently moisturizing base. In the remaining cases of severely dry skin, a moisturizer should be applied a few minutes after the anti-aging product (to allow active ingredients to absorb).

Applying moisturizers is not the only step you can take to keep your skin plush, supple and well-moisturized. For more information, see our article on intelligent moisturizing.

Eyebrow Peircings

One of the most modern body piercings is the eyebrow piercing. An eyebrow that has a heavier "ridge" or thickness of tissue under the brow line is better suited to support the successful healing of this piercing. A very flat brow creates tension across the pierced area and will lend the healing piercing the natural tendency to rejection.

Step by Step Eyebrow Piercing:

Choose a piercer that is licensed or has apprenticed for many years. Confirm that he or she works with sterilized equipment and disposable hollow needles and wears new latex gloves for each client, offers only piercing quality jewelry and is accessible post-treatment should you have any questions or concerns. Wear a button-down shirt to your appointment. Bring clips and, if necessary, a ponytail holder to keep hair away from your eyes. Until your piercing heals, you'll want to keep your hair off your face, as it may get caught or tangled in the ring or stud. Close your eyes when the procedure begins. Take long deep breaths to keep calm as the steady hand of your piercer slips the needle in, followed by your new jewelry. Take the aftercare advice of your piercer very seriously. It takes about six weeks to two months for an eyebrow piercing to heal, and in the meantime, it's very susceptible to infection.

Options for the Eyebrow Piercing Jewellery:

Jewelry options include tiny barbells or rings. Whichever jewelry seems to stress skin surface and angle of the new piercing less is best to start. There are small, subtle nylon "keepers" made for wearers of eyebrow piercings who have to hide their facial piercings for jobs, families and other public situations.

Aftercare of piercing of eyebrow

Its obvious but, if you get a ring be carefull of pulloveers, and t shirts. They can get caught fairly easily at first. Also try to make sure that your hair doesn't get caught up in it as well, especially while its healing.

Warnings for the eyebrow peircing

You're creating some risk of infection whenever you put a hole in any part of your body. The bacteria on the skin can get under the skin and cause a minor or severe infection. An infected eyebrow piercing presents a greater chance of spreading to important structures (the eye, the bone) and causing harm. There have been many reports of infections as a complication of body piercing over the past few years.

The way in which you obtain the piercing may have possible side effects as well. If the instruments aren't sterile and have been used for other people, then it is possible to transmit infections such as hepatitis and HIV when piercing any part of the body.

All in all, there are many disadvantages to piercing an eyebrow, or any other part of the body. One should really think hard about whether getting an eyebrow pierced is worth these risks.

Why is Skin Lightening required?

The type and amount of melanin synthesized by the melanocyte and its distribution pattern in the surrounding keratinocytes determines the actual color of the skin. Melanin forms through a series of oxidative reactions involving the amino acid tyrosine in the presence of the enzyme tyrosinase.

Skin Lightening treatment tips

When it comes to selecting treatment for these areas, one factor to consider is the depth of the discolored pigment. Most of the time discoloration is superficial. In a few cases, the discoloration lies deep in the dermis. If the pigment is in the epidermis, it can be helped with skin-lightening products. If the pigment is deeper, laser treatments are a consideration

Types of Skin Lightening Agents


Among skin-lightening agents, hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the most widely prescribed agents in the world. However, with reports of potential mutagenicity and epidemics of ochronosis in African nations, there has been increasing impetus to find alternative herbal and pharmaceutical depigmenting agents. A review of the literature reveals that numerous other depigmenting or skin-lightening agents are in use or in investigational stages.

Sunscreen
Laser Treatments
Hydroquinone
Tretinoin
Alpha Hydroxy Acids
Kojic Acid
Azelaic Acid
Arbutin
Magnesium Ascorbyl Phosphate
Combination Treatments

Skin Cleanser

Don't spend money on expensive cleansers, because a cleanser is going to be on your skin for only a few seconds before being rinsed away. Save your beauty cash for moisturizers, sunscreen, intensive treatments, and other products that will sit on your skin for a while.

No matter what your skin type, excess sebum, grime, make-up, sunscreen and other impurities can become imbedded in skin, clogging your pores and dulling your complexion. For this reason, it's important to wash your face at least twice a day.

Look for a cleanser that suits your skin type. Check a product's label for descriptive terms: Words such as strong and potent indicate a high-powdered formula good for oiler skins, while words such as gentle and mild hint at products suitable for drier complexions.

Cleansing Tip - Get into a daily routine of washing your face at right to cleanse your skin of the impurities that may have built up during the day.

Soap also acts as a skin and body cleanser
Many skin-care experts claim you must never use soap on your face, while many doctors routinely tell their patients that soap is fine. I'm caught in the middle here. I personally think soap is great is a great, inexpensive option for blemished or oily skin and I know more than one doctor who has prescribed antibacterial soap to their acne-ravaged patients. However, soap is drying, if you have a normal or a dry skin complexion you are better off with something else.

Complexion bars look like soap, but they are actually mild cleansers in bar form. Look for individual formulas targeting oily, normal or dry complexions.

Liquid and cream cleansers for cleansing the face and skin
Liquid cleansers - sometimes called cleansing milks, cleansing lotions or cleansing gels - have the consistency of thin to moderately thick body lotions. To use, spread a small amount over dry or damp skin, then wipe off with a damp face cloth or rinse off with lukewarm water.

Depending on your age, you probably remember seeing your mothers or grandmother use cold cream; this thick, luxurious cream is rubbed into the skin, where it melts make-up, excess sebum and dirt. It is then wiped off with dry tissues or a slightly damp washcloth. Because of its heavy, oily nature, cold cream is always best-suited to dry skin.

Sebum production speeds up in the summer, which contributes to grimy "summer skin". You may want to sneak in an extra daily cleansing during warm weather.

Sun protection

Most people know that sunlight contributes to wrinkles and skin aging as well as increases the risk of skin cancer. What most people don't know is that many sunscreens do not protect from skin aging and that staying out of direct sunlight will prevent only part of sun damage. Since sun damage is partly irreversible, it should be prevented as much as possible. This article aims to clarify some common misconceptions about sun damage.


Ultraviolet radiation
The reason sunlight and tanning beds are bad for your skin is ultraviolet radiation (UV-light or UV-rays for short), which represents a small but important portion of the sunlight spectrum. UV is a killer of living things: it can damage almost any part of the cell, but especially its blueprint, the DNA. Suntan, which is the accumulation of UV-blocking pigment melanin, is a defense mechanism whereby the skin tries to protect itself from destruction. There are three subtypes of UV light: UVA (400 nm wavelength), UVB (320 nm), UVC (100 nm). UVC is almost completely absorbed by the ozone layer and does not reach the Earth's surface. So, as long as we haven't destroyed the ozone layer, we don't have to worry about the UVC. But we do have to worry about the other two. UVB causes sunburn, but has a relatively modest effect on skin wrinkles because most of it is absorbed in the epidermis (the outer skin layer) and does not reach the dermis where wrinkles form. UVA penetrates deeper into the skin and is the major contributor to skin damage and wrinkles. Both UVA and UVB can contribute to the development skin cancer.


Sunscreens
An ideal sunscreen should protect from sunburn, skin aging and skin cancer. To do that, a sunscreen must provide a high degree of lasting protection against both UVA and UVB. It is relatively easy to figure out a sunscreen's effectiveness against UVB: if you spent some time in the sun and have no signs of sunburn whatsoever, then you probably have a good UVB sunscreen. An even better way, at least in theory, is to look at the sunscreens SPF (sun protection factor), a number indicating the degree of protection against UVB. A sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher should provide a good UVB protection as long as it stays on the skin long enough.

UVA is much more problematic. You cannot detect UVA damage without special equipment (such as Wood's lamp). And there is no universally recognized SPF-like number to grade UVA protection. One emerging UVA protection standards is Persistent Pigment Darkening (PPD), which is a biological measure of UVA radiation absorbed by the skin. A sunscreen with PPD 15 or higher should provide good UVA protection (again, as long as it stays on the skin long enough). Unfortunately, relatively few sunscreen manufacturers provide PPD values. Others provide the percentage of UVA a sunscreen blocks. (Anything above 90%, which is close to PPD=10, should be satisfactory.) Yet others provide no quantitative UVA-blocking information at all.

If you sunscreen does not include the quantitative information on UVA protection, the least you can do is to review the ingredients to see what kind of UV blockers it contains. UV blockers can be physical or chemical. Physical blockers are finely powdered and dispersed minerals and include zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. These physical blockers filter out both UVA and UVB. Chemical UVA blockers include avobenzone (a.k.a. Parsol 1789 or methoxydibenzoylmethane) and Mexoryl, a newer, seemingly more effective UVA blocker developed in Europe. Finally, there is Tinosorb, a good UVA+UVB chemical blocker with a history of use in clothing but not on the skin. A new micronized version, Tinosorb M, has been introduced for the use on the skin - its merits in real life usage remain to be seen.

No single sunscreen is perfect for everyone. Chemical sunscreens are invisible but may be irritating, degrade over time or dissipate quickly. Physical blocking agents are more stable and less irritating because they are largely inert (especially zinc oxide). On the other hand, they produce a matte look, may clog pores and may be easier to rub off as they do not penetrate the skin. Notably, a recently developed transparent form of zinc oxide Z-Cote is claimed to offer the best of both worlds: broad UVA+UVB protection, stability and transparency. However, while zinc oxide is a broad and stable blocker, it alone may be insufficient for comprehensive protection at commonly used concentrations. At higher concentrations, zinc oxide formulas tend to become opaque and heavy (even Z-cote).


Limitation of sunscreens
Even the best UVA+UVB sunscreens do not provide full protection. First, some UV rays still manage to get through. Second, it is easy to accidentally rub off, wash off or sweat off much of your sunscreen. Third, it is easy to forget to reapply sunscreen as often as recommended. It is fun to be in the sun. But it is fun to look young, too. Limit your sun exposure even when you are wearing sunscreen.


Indirect sunlight
When outside don't assume that wearing a hat or staying in the shade protects you from UV light. Reflected light may retain over a third if its UV rays. When outside always wear a UVA and UVB-blocking sunscreen. You may have heard that glass blocks UV rays. It does block UVB quite well but fails to block much of UVA. This means that in a room brightly lit with daylight you still should wear sunscreen to ensure maximum UV protection.


Downside of light avoidance
Some people choose to stay out of the sun and bright daylight altogether. This is clearly a solution for minimizing UV damage but it does have some downside (besides reducing the enjoyment of life). In some people, lack of exposure to bright light may disturb normal sleep-wake cycle leading to insomnia and depression. This has to do with the effect of light on the production of some brain chemicals, such as serotonin and melatonin. Sunlight is also needed for the body to produce vitamin D whose deficiency leads to bone loss and poor immunity. If you have no sun exposure, make sure that you get 100% RDA for vitamin D in your vitamin supplement or in vitamin D fortified milk.